TỔNG QUAN VỀ U CUỘN NHĨ.

Abstract

Objective: To review the clinical, radiological, and therapeutic characteristics of glomus tympanicum tumors, providing an updated overview of current diagnostic and treatment approaches in Vietnam and internationally.

Methods: A literature review was conducted using publications from 2010–2025 retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Vietnamese otolaryngology journals. Studies were analyzed and compared regarding epidemiology, clinical presentation, imaging features (CT–MRI), treatment modalities, and complications.

Results: Glomus tympanicum is a benign, slow-growing vascular tumor, predominantly affecting middle-aged women. The main symptoms are pulsatile tinnitus and conductive hearing loss. CT and MRI play crucial roles in diagnosis and surgical planning. Surgery remains the mainstay of treatment, achieving tumor control rates above 90%. Preoperative embolization and endoscopic ear surgery minimize bleeding, reduce complications, and preserve hearing. The most common postoperative complications are transient hearing loss and residual tinnitus; facial nerve palsy is rare (<8%) and typically reversible.

Conclusion: Early diagnosis through imaging and otoscopic evaluation improves treatment outcomes. Current trends favor minimally invasive combined endoscopic–microscopic surgery. Further multicenter studies are needed for long-term outcome assessment and recurrence monitoring.