ĐẶC ĐIỂM LÂM SÀNG, NỘI SOI VÀ RỐI LOẠN GIỌNG Ở BỆNH NHÂN TỔN THƯƠNG LÀNH TÍNH DÂY THANH TẠI BỆNH VIỆN TRUNG ƯƠNG THÁI NGUYÊN

Abstract

Objective: To describe the clinical characteristics, endoscopic findings, and pretreatment voice disorders in patients with benign vocal fold lesions at Thai Nguyen National Hospital. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 52 patients diagnosed with vocal fold nodules, polyps, or cysts at Thai Nguyen National Hospital. Voice disorders were assessed using the Voice Handicap Index (VHI) and acoustic analysis with Praat software, including fundamental frequency (F0), jitter, shimmer, and harmonic-to-noise ratio (HNR). Results: The mean age was 46.98 ± 14.91 years, and women accounted for 53.8% of the study population. Patients with occupations involving high vocal demands constituted 53.8%. Persistent hoarseness and vocal fatigue were reported in 65.4% and 51.9% of patients, respectively. Vocal fold nodules were the most common lesions (48.1%), followed by polyps (28.8%) and cysts (23.1%). The mean total VHI score was 65.19 ± 20.43, while the mean jitter, shimmer, and HNR values were 2.39 ± 0.75%, 6.32 ± 1.46%, and 12.77 ± 1.92 dB, respectively. No statistically significant differences in the total VHI score or acoustic parameters were observed among patients with vocal fold nodules, polyps, and cysts (p > 0.05). Conclusion: Benign vocal fold lesions predominantly present with persistent hoarseness and substantially impair voice function. The combined use of laryngeal endoscopy, the VHI, and acoustic analysis provides a more comprehensive assessment of pretreatment voice disorders.